Exploring Your Clients’ Childhood Survival Strategies

a picture of a small family in the sun

Family Roles: Survival or Transformation?

Families are complex ecosystems where each member plays a unique part. In healthy families, children naturally explore different roles, sometimes the comedian, other times the caregiver. They're free to experiment, to grow, to change.

But in families where parents or caregivers struggle with substance or process dependencies, something fundamental shifts.

When Survival Becomes a Role

Children in families affected by dependency don't choose roles, they create survival strategies. Fear and shame become the architects of their behaviours. Each child develops a specific role so intense that what begins as a protective mechanism becomes a rigid identity.

These roles aren't just behaviours; they're survival scripts that follow clients into adulthood.

Understanding Your Clients' Origins

Many of your clients may have grown up as the Placater and Lost Child, constantly adjusting, making others comfortable, absorbing tension. They learned early that their safety depended on reading the emotional landscape and responding accordingly to their caregiver's dependency patterns.

The four main roles are below. Which one might resonate with your client's experience?

a person wearing a fluffy bunny suit denoting the mascot of the traumatised family

The Mascot

is the one who is cute and funny. They use humour to survive and are also very good at empathising with others and putting themselves in their shoes. Although they can be immature and a bit chaotic at times, people generally don't mind that. Confrontation terrifies them, therefore they will do anything to avoid it. These clients often struggle with boundaries and authentic self-expression in therapy. Find out more here

a child with a hero mask denoting the big job that the hero of the family has

The Hero

has a very important job, to save the family. They have it all together and believe themselves to be special. At the same time, their deep feelings of inadequacy are well hidden. They feel that nothing they ever do is good enough, but their gift to the family was their pride in the client's achievements. These clients often present as high-functioning but struggle with perfectionism and self-worth. Click here for more

a nearly invisible person denoting the invisibility that a lost child has in their family

The Lost child

is the invisible one. Quiet. Withdrawn. Surviving by staying unnoticed. Avoiding conflict. Living in the shadows of family chaos. These clients can be the most challenging to engage initially, as invisibility became their primary survival mechanism. Find out how to work with these clients here

angry-face

The Acting out one/scapegoat

is the rebel. The one who acted out. Drew attention away from family dysfunction by creating visible problems. Often misunderstood, deeply hurting. These clients may present with acting-out behaviours or dependencies of their own. Learn more about this here

a picture of the cover of the workbook for therapists to use with clients affected by substance or process dependence

Understanding these deeply embedded patterns

is crucial for effective therapeutic intervention. Embodied Patterns: The Four Roles in Families With Dependence provides comprehensive insights and practical tools for working with clients who carry these survival roles into adulthood, helping you facilitate their journey from survival to authentic living.

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The Mascot/Placater - Unmasking a Survival Strategy